2009年世界中密度纤维板生产能力调查(第一部分欧洲和北美地区)

作者约翰·瓦德斯沃思(John Wadsworth)先生是Intermark的总经理。他以英国国内研究为依托,在世界人造板领域从事研究和咨询工作已经有27年之久,在业界享有极高的威望。现将英国《国际木质人造板》2010年第3期杂志上约翰·瓦德斯沃思(JohnWadsworth)先生撰写的2009年度世界中密度纤维板生产能力调查这篇文童翻译成中文,以飨读者。文章以截止2009年12月欧洲和北美地区中密度纤维板生产能力一览表为依据,详细阐述了中密度纤维板市场的过去、现在和将来。     

广西草地资源开发利用策略初探

对广西草地的类型，数量，载畜能力及基本特征进行了论述，提出了合理开发利用草地资源的五条措施。     

湖南早稻的增产潜力与发展对策

分析了湖南早稻生产滑坡的原因，并从品种（组合）和栽培技术方面分析了湖南早稻的增产潜力及提出了今后发展的对策。     

Growing vegetables in developing countries for local urban populations and export markets: problems confronting small-scale producers

Vegetables attract high applications of pesticides, and farmers in developing countries use many acutely toxic insecticides to control pests on these crops. With the liberalisation of agricultural markets in developing countries, the number of small-scale farmers growing vegetables for both domestic and export markets is increasing. Demand for supplies of year-round and exotic fruit and vegetables has grown in industrialised countries, but with rising quality standards and traceability requirements it is difficult for small-scale farmers to benefit from this lucrative non-traditional agricultural export trade. The demand is high for vegetables in the expanding cities in developing countries, and farmers in peri-urban areas, or rural areas with good access to the cities, are in a position to find a growing market for their produce. Poor storage facilities will often mean that farmers are forced to sell at peak times when prices are low. Farmers rarely have access to training in pesticide use, and have only limited or no access to advice on the complicated management of pesticides. The Food and Agriculture Organisation of the UN is concerned about high levels of poor quality and adulterated pesticides on sale in developing countries. Surveys repeatedly show that without training, farmers are unable to make good crop decisions: recognition of pests and their predators is generally low, leading to decisions to spray to kill any insect; knowledge of product selection, application rates and timing is poor; different products are often combined in the belief that the effect will be greater; re-entry periods after spraying and essential harvest intervals are not known; and without knowledge of alternatives, farmers will often assume that the only solution to pest problems is to spray more frequently. From a consumer's point of view, few developing countries are able to monitor pesticide residues, particularly for produce grown for home consumption: most countries do not have laboratories for even simple residue testing. Changes in European Maximum Residue Limits means that export crops will be rejected if they contain residues at the Limit of Detection of pesticides not registered in Europe. Season-long field level training in Integrated Pest Management can help farmers to become better decision-makers, and to greatly reduce pesticide use while reducing risks to their own health and environment, producing safer products for consumers, maintaining yields, and increasing incomes.     

基于RS和GIS的区域土地利用动态变化及演变趋势分析

以山丹县1985年和2000年TM系列遥感数据为主要数据源,采用国家农委的土地利用现状分类系统,通过GIS空间分析技术,从土地利用类型的面积变化、空间变化和质量变化等方面定量分析了研究区域15年间土地利用的时空变化情况。在此基础上,利用Mark-ov模型,对该区域未来30年内的土地利用动态变化及演变趋势进行了分析。结果表明:15年间研究该区域的土地利用的基本特征表现为:耕地、水域和未利用土地总量增加,其中水域和未利用土地增幅较大;林地、草地、和城乡居住建设用地总量减少,其中草地和林地下降最快,草地植被利用过渡或退化较为严重,水资源利用态势更加严峻,耕地的稳定性较强,其它类型土地的稳定性较差。未来30年内该区域的土地利用变化基本趋势是:耕地、水域面积、未利用土地将持续增加,城乡居住建设用地增长缓慢,林地、草地将持续减少。增加的耕地和未利用土地将主要来源于草地和林地植被的人为减少或自然退化,生态环境将趋于恶化。     

内蒙古近45a蒸发量气候变化特征分析

利用内蒙古境内35个气象站1960~2004年逐日蒸发皿蒸发量资料,研究了大兴安岭森林区、草甸草原区、典型草原区、荒漠化草原区、草原化荒漠区和典型荒漠区6种不同生态类型区域蒸发量的气候变化,揭示了不同生态类型区蒸发量的特征值及蒸发量年内、年际变化规律,推断得出内蒙古不同生态类型区域今后蒸发量的气候变化趋势。     

蚕茧价格变化规律及管理对策

对1992年以来我国蚕茧价格和蚕茧供求变化进行分析,研究蚕茧价格的波动规律以及蚕茧均衡价格产生的条件,提出蚕茧价格管理的构想与建议。     

黑龙江省农机合作社存在问题及发展对策

农机合作社是实现农业机械化、农业现代化的有效形式,是解决"三农问题"、粮食增产增收的最优途径。通过对基层农机合作社的实地调研以及对2014年黑龙江省现代农机专业合作社相关统计数据整理分析,在总结目前黑龙江省现代农机专业合作社面临具体问题的基础上,提出了黑龙江省现代农机专业合作社发展对策。研究结论可为黑龙江省农机合作组织的建设和发展提供具体指导,同时对全国农业合作组织健康发展具有参考意义。     

探讨工业建筑设计的发展趋势

在新形势下工业建筑设计发生了很大的本质变化，展望目前工业建筑设计特点，结合工程探讨了工业建筑设计的实践几大发展新趋势。     

甘肃农业机械化发展历程及发展方向的研究

依据甘肃农业机械化的发展实际,将甘肃农业机械化的发展历程分为农业生产与农具恢复、农业机械化示范推广与水利抗旱、有计划大规模的发展、改革开放与结构调整及面向市场全面发展五个阶段。与发达国家的农业机械化发展相比较,农业机械化综合水平和科技应用贡献率仍存在较大差距。根据目前甘肃农业机械化的发展水平,针对性地提出了今后甘肃农业机械化可持续发展的重点是玉米、薯类生产机械化、农产品加工机械化、旱作节水机械化及畜牧业生产机械化。